Basic function of breather valve The breather valve also known as pressure/vacuum relief valve is a protective device mounted on the top of a fixed roof atmospheric storage tank.  Its primary function is to conserve the loss of storage tank content when the tank is in out-breathing mode.  The purpose & selection of breather valve is mainly to control the ...

What is Pipe Schedule? As the main function of the pipes is to carry fluid under pressure therefore their internal diameter is their critical dimension. This critical dimension is referred to as the nominal bore (NB). Obviously, for pipes containing pressurised fluids the wall thickness, and by implication the pipe’s strength, is important. Wall thickness is expressed in “schedules“, referred ...

Table of contents: Active Fire System Passive Fire Systems Types of Coating Inorganic Coating a. Lightweight Vermiculite Concrete b. Water of Hydration Plasters Organic Coating a. Ablative Coating b. Subliming Compounds c. Intumescent Mastic Composition We have seen factors & causes of fire. Here we will see safety measures taken to prevent the fire. The normal measure used to safeguard personnel assets and the environment ...

Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. The Three Basic Requirements of Fire are A Fuel Source Oxygen Availability Ignition Source No fire can take place without all the three. Although ignition is usually a one off event in practice the types of fuel will vary from furnishings & fittings ...

What is a relation between NPS, NB & OD of a pipe? What is NPT & what are its applications? What is a relation between NPS, NB & OD of a pipe? Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) is a North American set of standard sizes for pipes used for high or low pressures and temperatures. Pipe size is specified with two ...

Purpose of ASME Design Codes: Before the start of design work on any new project we need to know what the design code is,since the piping system would be designed according to the guidelines & the requirement of the applicable code. Location: Generally the information on the applicable code would be given by the owner or the Process Licensor in ...

Stud Bolt Length Calculation: Calculating the stud bolt length is one of the activities needed to be performed by the requisition engineer. The major factors which contribute towards the calculation of the stud bolt length are: Flange rating, dimensional standard, type & thickness of gasket, flange facing, sandwich type components (eg.spectacle blind, wafer type valves etc.) As per Nonmandatory Appendices ...

1. Introduction to bolts 2. Classification of bolting material 3. Applications of bolts 4. Dimensional standards for bolts Introduction to bolts: The flanges are drilled to receive bolts which, if of the proper material, will develop the full flange strength and result in a satisfactory joint at the service intended. The term ‘bolting material’ covers bolts, studs and stud bolts. As per ASME B16.5, ...

Tower Piping: Center for equipment layout A tower is usually a major part of a designer’s area. It is advisable to treat it as a central piece of equipment and extend the design around this center. Columns, towers and vertical vessels are to be arranged in a row with a common centerline if of similar size. If, however, diameters vary ...

1.0 INTRODUCTION TO PIPING ENGINEERING: Since piping engineering is central to detail engineering activity and the piping engineer more or less acts as the chief coordinator, a good grasp of the working and requirement of the other engineering disciplines is essential for successfully delivering quality detailed engineering within the allotted time. Let us briefly discuss the issues concerning the piping ...